My Brother free essay sample

Ive done many things that would make any parent proud. Iveparticipated in sports, church and school events, but I ammost proud to be a good big brother. Its an ongoingaccomplishment; I am second oldest in a family of six. Thereisnt too much out there I wouldnt do for my siblings, asannoying as they can sometimes be. When you think ofbig brothers, do you think of a big, strong guy who will beatup all the bullies? Or do you think of a big brother as thebully who needs to be beaten up? When I think of big brothers,I think of the guy who defends the family and always looksafter the younger (or even older) siblings. I have to watchover four sisters and a brother, plus myself. Thats quite atask, but one I feel I have gotten good at. Mybrother needs more attention than most siblings. We will write a custom essay sample on My Brother or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page When he wasnine, he was hit by a pick-up truck on the way to the bus stopand lost use of the lower two-thirds of his body. Hes been ina wheelchair for six years. My brother does many things, butsometimes he tries to do things he used to do but cant now.Im always there with words of encouragement. My familyhas weathered the tremendous storm of my brothers accident bybecoming closer than most families, helping one another as ason and brother, a daughter and sister, and a mom or dad. Wecried on each others shoulders and, with the support of eachother and the grace of God, all of my family, including mybrother, has recovered from this emotional trauma. Inow watch my brother strive to do as many things as he canwithin and beyond his limits. Should he fall, I will be theperson to pick him up. I also watch as my younger sistersmature into intelligent, beautiful young women. Whenever mybrother or sisters need a helping hand or words ofencouragement, Im on the job. Thats what I, the big brother,am for.

Free Essays on Animal Testing For Medical Purposes

The Big Decision: Whom do we Test? The controversy of animal testing for medical purposes has been a heated topic for many years now. Many feel that it’s acceptable and others see it as inhumane. â€Å"Many organizations have been formed with the sole purpose of keeping animals from laboratories,† (McCoy 54). I personally feel that there are other ways to test medical drugs other than on animals. Other options include testing on prisoners, people who are willing to be paid to have the drug tested on them, and people who are terminally ill, and as a last hope, want to try the â€Å"new drug†. Animals that are used for testing purposes usually end up dying. They are usually pumped full of a disease or virus and then they try a vaccine on them, which in the end, usually fails. In which case, the animal ends up suffering and dying. While being tested, they are kept in tiny cages, instead of being able to run free like they should. In some cases, animal testing may give a different result with humans. â€Å"Misleading animal tests can be devastating for human health.† (Bender 69). The early stages of an animals life in a laboratory is extremely stressful. In fact, many animals born within the laboratories live very short lives. Some common conditions of animals that are kept for medical purposes include; pneumonia, colitis, enteritis, gastric bloat and rupture, encephalitis, and spticemia. They lose fingers and toes, suffer from gangrene, and die from several bacterial infections. We must remember that even though they are animals, they too have feelings. They feel stress and pain. In laboratories, they suffer and die. Their deaths should be remembered and mourned. One alternative to testing on animals is testing on prisoners. If a person has committed a horrible crime, and is serving life in prison, we might as well use him or her for the testing of medications. That way, we would be able to see the effects o... Free Essays on Animal Testing For Medical Purposes Free Essays on Animal Testing For Medical Purposes The Big Decision: Whom do we Test? The controversy of animal testing for medical purposes has been a heated topic for many years now. Many feel that it’s acceptable and others see it as inhumane. â€Å"Many organizations have been formed with the sole purpose of keeping animals from laboratories,† (McCoy 54). I personally feel that there are other ways to test medical drugs other than on animals. Other options include testing on prisoners, people who are willing to be paid to have the drug tested on them, and people who are terminally ill, and as a last hope, want to try the â€Å"new drug†. Animals that are used for testing purposes usually end up dying. They are usually pumped full of a disease or virus and then they try a vaccine on them, which in the end, usually fails. In which case, the animal ends up suffering and dying. While being tested, they are kept in tiny cages, instead of being able to run free like they should. In some cases, animal testing may give a different result with humans. â€Å"Misleading animal tests can be devastating for human health.† (Bender 69). The early stages of an animals life in a laboratory is extremely stressful. In fact, many animals born within the laboratories live very short lives. Some common conditions of animals that are kept for medical purposes include; pneumonia, colitis, enteritis, gastric bloat and rupture, encephalitis, and spticemia. They lose fingers and toes, suffer from gangrene, and die from several bacterial infections. We must remember that even though they are animals, they too have feelings. They feel stress and pain. In laboratories, they suffer and die. Their deaths should be remembered and mourned. One alternative to testing on animals is testing on prisoners. If a person has committed a horrible crime, and is serving life in prison, we might as well use him or her for the testing of medications. That way, we would be able to see the effects o...

Alcohol Education Research Proposal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Alcohol Education - Research Proposal Example It will detail how the goal can be measured, the role nurses could play and the aspects that support increasing the educational awareness. Using evidence based research, it will also indicate whether the aspects have been researched before and the outcomes obtained. The paper will also discuss the stakeholders engaged so as to get support for the project, highlight the specific arguments that could be used and the strategies that could be employed. The paper will further make references to change theory, systems theory and organizational theory while outlining the steps to operationalize the project. The outline will indicate specific timelines, needed resources, communication plan and the estimated budget. It will then describe the outcomes that require measurement along the way and those at the end of the project, highlighting their significance and how they would be used to adapt new strategies along the way. Finally, it will be concluded by a description of what the expected outc omes would be. To effectively increase educational awareness of the effects of alcohol among the college age population, there is a need to equip those who will play the role of creating the awareness (WHO, 2012). They include parents, youth workers, teachers, community and religious workers. Through program initiatives, adults can be guided on youth behavioral training, family skills, brief therapy and support. Another critical group is made up of those who sell and serve alcohol, which can be trained on implementing measures to reduce harmful consumption of alcohol by the young people. Peers also bear a significant influence on the young people’s drinking habits and patterns, and specific approaches can be designed to mould their relationship to discourage alcohol consumption (Houghton & Roche, 2001). The way the youth make decisions regarding consumption of alcohol is also greatly influenced by the drinking culture that prevails in their community. The community can be use d to develop the youth’s social and personal skills in a manner which lets them take responsible choices while teaching them not to position themselves or others in the way of harm. Within the colleges, the administrators must educate students on personal and academic effects of excessive alcohol consumption. They should empower their students to be responsible of the decisions they make regarding alcohol and the campus environment. It is upon the college administration to impact upon the students, especially the new ones, the concept of an alcohol-free environment (Midford & McBride, 2001). This can be achieved by showing them that most of their peers already in college do not indulge in alcohol abuse but instead chose safe and healthy decisions. This is a particularly significant step because majority of new students have the tendency to simply fit in the norms they found existing in their new environment. If they are led to incorrectly believe that all students on campus g et drunk regularly, they will most likely pick on the habit and develop it. The students can be assisted to organize and participate in events designed by peer education groups to enhance respect for college policies, state laws and personal responsibility in terms of alcohol consumption. Such events present the youth with opportunities to display healthy ways of life free from use of alcohol illegally and its abuse. If such events are regular

Bush Temporary Workers Program Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Bush Temporary Workers Program - Essay Example The Program acknowledges that current immigration system in the United States is broken and suggest that a system of â€Å"matching willing employees with willing employers† will help reform the system. Position: While Bush Temporary Workers Program can be laudable, this is however counter-productive considering the current economic condition of the country. Where we have more than 10 % unemployment rate caused by the 2009 Financial Crisis. The economic health of United States have already changed dramatically and it is no longer as robust as before. Such, it can no longer accommodate additional workers to compete with domestic workers. While I have nothing against foreign workers who are as talented and productive as an American worker, I would prefer that scarce jobs will go to Americans first. Had this proposal of Bush been made during America’s economic peak, I would have nothing against it. But just not today where a job that will go to an immigrant worker will be a job that will be taken away from a prospective American job seeker. I understand that having more than 8 million undocumented workers can be a threat to national security. But taking away jobs from Americans who equally needs it, cannot justify the proposed immigration reform.

Describe the contribution Charles Darwin, August Weismann, Gregor Essay

Describe the contribution Charles Darwin, August Weismann, Gregor Mendel and Frances Crick have made to the study of genetics - Essay Example This theory proposed that all the life on planet Earth, human or non-human is interrelated and has roots to a common ancestor. This means that the life indeed has evolved from non-life i.e. the simple creatures led to the evolvement of complex creatures over time. This all was possible because random genetic mutations were taking place in the genetic code of the living organism. So every complex organism, for instance, the human being, was formed after several successful modifications and mutations took place in the earlier generations. By the natural selection process, the dominant traits would be preserved and carried forwarded to the future generations. As the dominant traits were the beneficial ones they would be transferred ahead, where as the recessive traits would be the non-beneficial ones and they would fail to transfer to the next generation. With this transference of beneficial mutations, the preservation of the functional advantages is there in the offspring. The idea was that such a mechanism existed where any changes in the external stimuli would lead to a change in the external organ and external tissues. This would be further transferred on to the reproductive organs consequently affecting the offspring. Further, the process of natural selection, as proposed by Darwin is a gradual and time-consuming process, which never takes any quantum lea ps. (Darwin, Glick & Kohn 1996) So today, our biological development can be understood by understanding Darwin’s theory. In Darwin’s time, the genetic mutations were just a philosophy. His ideas led to further research which helped the scientists understand that biological development does involve structural changes in the chromosomes. Then August Weismann was a German biologist whose work led him to be one of the pioneers in the study of genetics. Weismann‘s major work revolved around embryonic and postembryonic development of insects. His work was greatly

Role of Saudi Arabia in Gulf Politics

Role of Saudi Arabia in Gulf Politics Research Synopsis M.phil SAUDI ARABIA AS BALANCER IN GULF POLITICS Shaista Shaukat ali ABSTRACT Saudi Arabia has played a key role in Gulf politics, security and economy, for the past four decades, as well as in Muslim world during different conflicts, issues and challenges like Palestine issue, Kuwait Iraq war, Yemen, Syria and Egypt crisis. The study will provide how certain factors in Muslim world like oil, religion regional conflicts, shaped their relations with Saudi Arabia. Although each factor has played a significant role in determining the foreign policy behavior in Muslim states, each factor has assumed different degrees of importance, and impacts on relation among Saudi Arabia and Muslim world on different time period, and how Saudi Arabia interested in maintaining a degree of co-operation policies, diplomacy, view point, strategic alliances and efforts to resolve the issues and crisis among Muslim states. Saudi Arabia has wielded considerable influence with its neighbors through its vast oil reserves, financial and political support, and the ideological influence, domestically, and that how Saudi Arabia has power to affect regional political developments. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY Political Science and International Relations emerged as a result of the need to establish substantial connections between current politics and social sciences throughout the century. The change in the international political environment especially in Muslim world has great impacts on relation among Muslim and non Muslim states, in this perspective, the study will help to understand the role of Saudi Arabia in gulf politics and in conflics of Muslim states. HYPOTHESIS H1: Saudi Arabia as a conflict manager in Middle Eastern security environment H2.Saudi Arabia is influencing the gulf politics through security alliances H3: Saudi hegemony increasing in Muslim world due to its positive involvement in crisis OBJECTIVES The study will identify and explore different factors and variables which have impacted on shaping policies and decision by Saudi Arabia in managing conflicts in Muslim world. The study will attempts to establish and develop a comprehensive understanding of Saudi relations with Muslim states and will examine how these relations have been affected by various issues. The study will highlight the different factors, impacting on strategically relations between Saudi and Muslim world and shaping their foreign and national policies. METHODOLOGY Data related to the topic will be collected from books, newspapers, articles, journals, research papers and government records. The research work will be descriptive, qualitative techniques will be applied in the study. REVIEW OF LITERATURE Many books have been written on Saudi Arabia and its role in gulf state and in Muslim World. However major books, articles which are most relevant to the proposal research work discussed below: Palgrave Connect in Regional Powers in the Middle East: New Constellations After the Arab Revolts explained how Saudi Arabia capable to perform his role in regional affairs. The writer also provides some information about Sadi role in Arab League and also makes a comparison between Turkiy and Saudi Arabia as regional power in Muslim World. This will be helpful in research as to know about the policies of regional powers in Middle East. Barry Rubin in Conflict and Insurgency in the Contemporary Middle East provided a comparative analysis of militant wings and their supports in Middle East. It informed about the nature of conflicts in Gulf States and role of regional actors which can play a decisive role in resolving conflicts, so this book will be helpful to analyse the role of Saudi Arabia as a balancer in region. Ron Eduard Hassner in War on Sacred Grounds comprehensively described the mysteries and space of conflicts on sacred places. The narrator explained the makkah and Jerusalem conflict and role of religious and political authorities of Middle East and also define the role of conflict manager Saudi Arabia. This book is quite relevant to the research topic. Sarah Stern in Saudi Arabia and the Global Islamic Terrorist Network: America and the Wests Fatal Embrace an important book which provide information how Saudi Arabia play role in OIC as a larger funder and financial of this organization . Thicker than oil by Rachel Bronson,is very helpful book and discussed the saudi relationship ,geographic location and religiously motivated foreign policies , efforts to resolve the conflic from Africa to Afghanistan, Egypt to Nicaragua, The Saudi Enigma: A HistoryBy Pascal MÃ ©noret, is comprehensive book on Saudi involvement in Egypt, Syria, Tunisia , Algeria and gulf war. Riad A. Attar in Arms and Conflict in the Middle East .In this book writer discussed the importance of Saudi arabia in gulf politics and its influence on different conflics in gulf states, more important thing about this book is that writer narated figures about conflics. William M. Habeeb in The Middle East in Turmoil: Conflict, Revolution, and Change discussed the ideologies of gulf states and their close tiec with Muslim and non Muslim states, and how these ties and ideologies influence the strategic partnership of Saudi Arabia with states. it will be helpful examine Saudi consensus to different threats to middle east. Simon Murden in Islam, the Middle East, and the New Global Hegemony examined the Saudi influence on Muslim states as well as relation with major super powers in international political sanerio. The writer described the security and economic ties of Saudi Arabia with nuclear power that impacts the whole Muslim world directly and indirectly, in this way this book will help during research. Nawaf E. Obaid in The Power of Saudi Arabias Islamic Leaders discussed the role of Saudi Ulema in national and foreign policies as well as oil embargo and about the Saudi hosting of foreign troops. This journal will also be helpful in this research. Tim Niblock in Saudi Arabia: Power, Legitimacy and Survival discussed political agenda, reforms, policies, structure and change that not effect the gulf politics and policies but influence the whole Muslim world. it will be help full to make research about Saudi’s role as conflict manager. Stig Stenslie in Regime Stability in Saudi Arabia: The Challenge of Succession threw light on the main decision makers related to security economic and political relations and alliances of royal family to other Muslim politicians. This book is quite relevant to the research topic and will be helpful in this regard. Hatem Shareef Abu-Lebdeh in Conflict and Peace in the Middle East discussed the role of Saudi Arabia in division of gulf politics, collation with Gulf States, resolutions, economics embargo which reflected the means and approaches to resolve the gulf crises. This book will also helpful in research in point of view to understand the role of Saudi Arabia in gulf politics. Suhara Ashfaq in What is Saudi Arabia’s Desired Role in Muslim World? discussed the influential and dominating role of Saudi Arabia elaborating close ties between USA KSA James Wynbrandt in A Brief History of Saudi Arabia by told us Saudi Arabia is an Islamic state has played a prominent role throughout the history and how influenced the regional politics. The interesting fact about this book is that the writer narrated everything through pictures, map, charts and illustration so it will quite helpful in this research. Majid Khadduri, Edmund Ghareeb in War in the Gulf, 1990-91: The Iraq-Kuwait Conflict and Its Implications explained how Saudi Arabia played the positive and effective role in Arab Gulf crisis, and efforts for not reach an agreement by direct negotiation, and how they promote co operation among Muslim countries during the crisis. BIBLOGRAPHY Abu-Lebdeh,H(1997 ).Conflict and Peace in the Middle East: University press of America Attar,A, R.(ED).(2009 ).Arms and Conflict in the Middle East: Emerald Group Publishing Limited Howard House,UK Bronson,R. (2006).Thicker than Oil: Americas Uneasy Partnership with Saudi Arabia. Oxford University Press Connect,P.(2014).Regional Powers in the Middle East: St.Martin Press New York Guo,R.(2012).Territorial Disputes and Conflict Management: The Art of Avoiding War:Routledge 711 Third Avenue, New York Habeeb ,W.(2012).The Middle East in Turmoil: Conflict, Revolution, and Change:ABC-CLIO,LLC. Oxford England Hassner,R.(2009).War on Sacred Grounds:Cornell University Press.Ithaca, New York Ismael, T . Ismael,S. (2012).Government and Politics of the Contemporary Middle East: Continuity and Change: Routledge 711 Third Avenue, New York Korany,B. (ED).(2014) .Arab Human Development in the Twenty-First Century: The American University in Cairo Press ,New York Khadduri, M., Ghareeb,E.(1997) .War in the Gulf, 1990-91: The Iraq-Kuwait Conflict and Its Implications. Oxford university press MÃ ©noret ,P. (2005).The Saudi Enigma: A History .Zed books London New York Murden,M. (2002). Islam, the Middle East, and the New Global Hegemony.Lynne Rienner Publishers,USA Nibloc,T. (2006).Saudi Arabia: Power, Legitimacy and Survival.Routledge 270 Madison Ave,New York Rubin,B. (ED).(2009).Conflict and Insurgency in the Contemporary Middle East:British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data. Stenslie,S.(2012 ). Regime Stability in Saudi Arabia:Routledge 711 Third Avenue, New York Stern,S.(ED).(2011). Saudi Arabia and the Global Islamic Terrorist Network:PALGRAVE MACMILLANÂ ® in the United States Wynbrandt, J.(2010). A Brief History of Saudi Arabia:Infobase Publishing, New York Rasmussen, L,. Oakley,R. (1992).Conflict Resolution in the Middle East:US Institute of Peace Press,Washington.D.C http://www.chomsky.info/articles/19910202.htm http://www.chomsky.info/articles/19910202.htm http://www.pakistananalysis.com/en/analysis/international/item/267-what-is-saudi-arabia%E2%80%99s-desired-role-in-muslim-world.html http://www.meforum.org/482/the-power-of-saudi-arabias-islamic-leaders http://yaleglobal.yale.edu/content/conflict-grows-middle-east-us-saudi-gulf-widens

Totalitarianism in Italy Essay -- essays research papers fc

A totalitarian state is defined as â€Å"a few control everything,† and â€Å"the government controls every aspect of the citizens life.† This cannot be better exemplified than by Italy under the rule of the ruthless and violent dictator, Benito Mussolini. What a totalitarian state is, the characteristics it has, and how Italy turned into one are three points that will be studied in this essay. A brief look into Mussolini’s life and his rise to power will also be examined, as well as how his reign resulted for Italy and in turn, how it affected the whole world. An assessment of Italy as a totalitarian state will bring this essay to a close. A totalitarian state is a highly centralized government controlled by one political group, and usually one leader. The duties of the citizen to the state are all-important. Political, economic and social life are all directed by the official party. Totalitarianism has one official plan that covers all vital aspects of human existence. The government monopolizes police, weapons, all means of mass communication (press, radio and films, art, music and literature), and has tight control of the country’s economy. It is used to train people to think and behave in a specific way. In Italy, the development of a totalitarian state was made possible because fascism appealed to Italians. There was much unrest in Italy, and it seemed to be the only option. In the summer of 1920, dissatisfied workers caused the unrest, and growing populations of socialist parties worried middle-class Italians. Mussolini used turmoil to gain power. Benito Mussolini was born on July 29, 1883 in Varnano dei Costa. He was named for the Mexican patriot Benito Juavez. He was the top of his class growing up, but he wasn’t quite a model student - he hated rich children and was almost expelled for stabbing one with a knife. This seems to be the first hint of a very violent future for Mussolini. As a young man, Mussolini worked as a union organizer and was expelled from Switzerland and Austria for Socialist agitation. He was a very talented writer; he wrote poems and a novel, The Cardinal’s Mistress, and edited a newspaper, Avanti. After WWI, in 1922, Mussolini organized a March on Rome with 26,000 followers. This massive display of political support convinced the King to make him Prime Minister. He was the youngest Prime Minister Italy had ever seen.   Ã‚  &nb... ... way of what he believed to be a perfect society. Evidently, things didn’t turn out as planned for Mussolini, but during his time as the leader of Italy, he definitely controlled the lives of many Italians and had things done his way. It was said of him â€Å"He is not, like Hitler, condemned out of his own mouth, nor by the notoriety and magnitude of his evil deeds. It may be that he began well and meant well, like so many of the Caesars before him, but that he ended ill as they did owing to the corruption of power.†4 1 Josh Brooman, Italy and Mussolini, p.17 2 Josh Brooman, Italy and Mussolini, p.19 3 Josh Brooman, Italy and Mussolini, p.23 4 Derek Heater, Case Studies in Twentieth-Century World History, p.79 Bibliography Skipper, G.C. Mussolini: A Dictator Dies. Children’s Press: Chicago,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1989. Brooman, Josh. Italy and Mussolini. Longman Group Limited:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  New York, 1985. Heater, Derek. Case Studies in Twentieth-Century World History.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Longman Group Limited: New York, 1988. Benito Mussolini. http://history1900s.about.com/gi/dynamic/offsite.htm?site=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.falange.org%2Fbenito.htm.

Is Compulsory Military Training Necessary

Wars are peaceful than marriages†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ but†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ let him who wants peace never prepare for a war†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦I agree with the second part†¦.. * Military training is schooling of body and spirit in the art of killing. Military training is education for war. It is the perpetuation of war spirit. It hinders the development of the desire for peace. * Conscription involves the degradation of human personality, and the destruction of liberty. Barrack life, military drill, blind obedience to commands, however unjust and foolish they may be, and deliberate training for slaughter undermine respect for the individual, for democracy and human life. ————————————————- It is debasing human dignity to force men to give up their life, or to inflict death against their will.The country which thinks its entitled to force its citizens to go to war will never pay p roper regard to the value and happiness of their lives in peace. Moreover, by conscription the militarist spirit of aggressiveness is implanted in the whole male population at the most impressionable age. By training for war men come to consider war as unavoidable and even desirable. 1. Military training – is for people who fight external aggression through the army, navy & air force. The threat perceptions that India faces could arise from – Pakistan, China, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Nepal, Burma. However the Indian army has deployed more forces in fighting insurgency within India than in fighting wars. More army personnel have died in internal operations than in all the wars we've fought. This is demoralizing for an army who has to fight ;amp; kill it's own citizens.What is required is training for better policing and better policies to avoid internal uprisings – fire prevention rather than fire fighting. 2. Compulsory – The Indian armed forces are a v olunteer force. They face a shortage of officers, not soldiers. This shortage is in thousands whereas 20 million youth join the work force each year. Even our soldiers number around 1 million. So what would you do with the 19 million extra trained people? 3. Youth of India – our literacy rate is around 50-60%.Over 100 million children between the ages of 5 and 14 are not in school. It's not that youth don't need training – they do. And some of the qualities that military training gives – discipline, working for and in a group, fitness, energy are all useful to make them more capable so they can lead more meaningful & productive lives and contribute to the overall success & productivity of their families & land. We need more trained teachers, doctors, social activists, engineers, entrepreneurs†¦ the list is endless.We need more roads, more schools, more food, more electricity, more water, more houses†¦ this list is endless too. Trained & educated youth would contribute to the removal of poverty and distress – first for them selves – and then for their society. When unattended these cause violent uprisings which are then suppressed by the military. * They talk about conscription as a democratic institution. Yes; so is a cemetary. ————————————————- 4. Like Singapore – The answer to this part of your question lies not in geography but in economics.While Singapore is about the size of Bombay, it's recourse to compulsory military training is not because of it's small size but because its economic development is far ahead of India's. The variety of fulfilling opportunities that exist for young people in Singapore makes the military an unattractive career. O the other hand, for India's enormous pool of unemployed & maybe unemployable youth, the military is good career opportunity. So the re is currently no shortage of soldiers.But for the better educated youth, with excellent career opportunities, joining the officer corps of the armed forces is not so attractive a choice, and hence the shortfall of officers. Perhaps a day will come when all our youth are educated and can choose good careers in industry, commerce or other civilian pursuits and then we may need to resort to some type of compulsion. Or India may be a participant in a large & long duration war, with many soldiers killed and not enough wanting to die for their country, and then some type of compulsion may be necessary. As far as physical improvement is concerned, it is agreed that a year of military service might be helpful to many men. It is also true that the problem of physical condition is one of major proportions.About half the men examined by the Army and Navy during the present war have been rejected for military service, chiefly on account of mental or physical deficiencies. * Economics: It can be argued that in a cost-to-benefit ratio, conscription during peace time is not worthwhile. 77] Months or years of service amongst the most fit and capable subtracts from the productivity of the economy; add to this the cost of training them, and in some countries paying them. * â€Å"I object to violence because when it appears to do good, the good is only temporary; the evil it does is permanent. † * In peace sons bury fathers, but war violates the order of nature, and fathers bury sons. * ————————————————- â€Å"How come the dove gets to be the peace symbol? How about the pillow? It has more feathers than the dove, and it doesn't have that dangerous beak. â€Å"

Detention of Immigrants

Detention of Immigrants Introduction This paper aims at analyzing the plight of refugees in various detention camps in the US, and Australia. It is factual that refugees go through difficulties in the camps since immigration officials harass them to accept illegal pacts and raw deals (Bagshaw Paul 2004, p. 41).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Detention of Immigrants specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Immigration officials force refugees to accept their pleas such as extending sexual favors. Some immigrants report that immigration officials are unwelcoming and use unacceptable language when addressing them. This paper aims at uncovering the injustices meted out to refugees in the US and Australia. The main purpose of the paper is to expose the injustices that refugees face in their daily lives. In society, each person has the right to exercise his or her freedom. Detention facilities interfere with the rights of detainees because they force t hem to support illegal deals in the detention facilities. The detention facilities should support refugees emotionally while they solve their problems through legal means. However, the detention facilities go against the acceptable codes of conduct by taking advantage of the plight of refugees. Through this paper, the world will appreciate the fact that refugees have a right, just like other citizens. Background Immigrants face a number of challenges in the United States and Australia. Australia and the US are two countries preferred by refugees who run away from political and economic hardships (Cohen 2004, p. 467). Refugees fleeing to the US and Australia are mostly Africans who believe that economic conditions would favor them there. The two countries face serious challenges in ensuring that their borders are safe. On the other hand, the countries are expected to assist refugees in need of commodities such as food, water, shelter, and security. The United Nations High Commission for Refugees is an agency that was created to help displaced individuals in the third world and other parts of the world. In 1951, there were an approximated 1.5 billion refugees in the world. The figure went up in 2009 to 43.3 billion, including approximated 15.2 billion displaced individuals, 983000 refuge seekers, and 27.1 internally displaced people. People run away from their homes due to natural disasters, political insecurity, and harsh economic conditions. Current studies show that at least five factors encourage people to run away from their home countries to either Australia or the US. In Europe and Africa, individuals migrate to the two countries because of wage differences between the home countries and the two foreign countries.Advertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More These factors are commonly referred to as the pull factors because they attract people to migrate to the US or Australia. The US and Australia have experienced retarded growth implying in population to an extent that the two countries do not have sufficient labor. Hiking salaries and wages is one of the strategies employed to attract the global labor force (Evans 2007, p. 73). Another factor that forces people to move to greener pastures is the population growth in the home country. Some countries have witnessed a massive population growth in the recent past, which forces individuals to look for space elsewhere. The US and Australia are preferred because the standards of living are better in the two countries. This factor falls under the push factors because it puts pressure on an individual to move (Cernea 2006, p. 76). In the last twenty to thirty years, some countries have been forced to come up with policies aimed at discouraging population growth due to strained resources. China and India are some of the countries that discourage population growth because the government is unable to provide adequate services to the larger population. In such countries, individuals prefer shifting to foreign countries perceived to be having favorable conditions of living. The US and Australia are the first destinations for individuals. As people shift to Australia and the US, many are encouraged to do so after noticing that their friends and relatives do well in the foreign countries. However, they do not understand that foreigners are exposed to torture and unfair treatment in the detention facilities. Statistics show that about sixty percent of those migrating to the US and Australia are men while only forty percent are female. Seventy percent of immigrants are adults while twenty percent are children. This shows that people migrate to these two countries in search of jobs and business opportunities owing to the population pressure at home countries. In the detention facilities, young men are the majority implying that the types of abuses are mostly related to viola tion of employment acts (Klin 2006, p. 19). Issue Development Local Reaction A report by the American Civil Liberties Union observed that immigrants are subjected to unfair treatment in the detention facilities in Georgia. The organization undertook a study on four main detention facilities in the US. One of the detention facilities was Stewart Detention Center, which is one of the largest detention facilities in the US. The organization claimed that the facility violates immigration policies yet the government is reluctant to act. Immigrants are housed in a prisonlike facility whereby their human and civil rights are not provided.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Detention of Immigrants specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Through the report, the officials of Georgia came up with strict immigration policies that would allow the security forces to conduct frequent assessment of the detention facilities. The security agen cies would question immigrants regarding their living conditions in the detention facilities. The government has so far enacted policies allowing the department of homeland security to deport illegal immigrants. Illegal immigrants are victims of unfair treatment in the detention facilities. Private organizations operate substantial detention facilities in the US. The human rights groups have urged the government to deregister the private organizations operating the detention facilities on grounds of abuse. The civil groups argue that most of the detention facilities are in the remote areas and the facilities are of poor quality (Klin 2000, p. 99). The American Civil Liberties Union conducted an extensive research that lasted for three years, managing to interview sixty-eight detainees and a sizeable number of relatives and friends. The study established that detainees face serious problems because their rights are violated. They are subjected to poor sanitation, inadequate medical a ttention, inappropriate mental healthcare, and instances of verbal abuse. It is established that those in authority use their power to exploit detainees in the camp. Some detainees claimed that officials used vulgar language and racial discrimination was rampant in the facilities. Some detainees are even subjected to physical violence, which is a violation of the right to life. At the Stewart detention facility, one detainee reported that a guard assaulted him one evening and injured him seriously. The detainee lost both eyes, but the officials of the detention facility are yet to take action against the guard (Lilly 2007, p. 101). Each person is entitled to free medical care, but detainees at Australian detention facilities are never allowed to undergo regular medical checkups. Detention facilities in the US rarely employ a doctor who would attend to emergencies at night. In government operated detention facilities, a doctor is usually provided, but medical facilities are not enoug h to cater for the medical needs of all detainees. In an interview with one female detainee, the report by the civil liberties groups claimed that the woman was left to suffer for hours before being taken to hospital. Even after identifying that the woman needed urgent medical care, the officials were reluctant to act deviously to prevent unnecessary suffering and pain. In the American detention camps, the mental status of individuals is never taken into consideration because a psychiatrist is never provided to interrogate the detainees.Advertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Immigrants are people with various problems since some might have lost their properties before deciding to seek refuge in the foreign countries. It is logical to take such individuals through frequent mental checkups to prevent cases of mental illness and psychological trauma. However, the detention facilities in the US are reluctant to help immigrants in recovering from mental stress (Mooney 2003, p. 6). Just like in the US, detention facilities in Australia force immigrants to sign orders of removal that permit banishment without due process. Officials threaten detainees with severe punishment in case they fail to sign orders of removal. In Australia, detention facilities violate the rights of detainees because they fail to release them even after the orders of removal are ready. Some detainees are segregated for refusing to cooperate with officials at the detention camps. Detainees found leaking information to the media are punished severely. Detainees face a serious challenge re garding communication. The detention facilities do not provide interpreters who would help them in understanding instructions. Human and civil groups have pressurized the government to come up with laws that would guarantee the safety of individuals at the detention camps. The American Civil Liberties Union demands that the government should take over the responsibility of taking care of detainees while their cases are handled by the courts. The union demands that private organizations should not be given the chance of harboring detainees (Mooney Jarrah 2004, p. 18). International Reaction The United Nations High Commission for Refugees has been vocal in protecting the rights of detainees in the US and Australia. The commission argues that states should protect refugees. However, the commission has been keen on ensuring that immigrants are not subjected to unfair treatment. The agency intervenes through application of international laws and standards (Balikci 2004, p. 67). One of t he laws invoked whenever there is a conflict is the 1951 convention, which talks about the status of refugees. The 1951 law states that a refugee is someone with various problems because he or she is outside his or her country. Therefore, the foreign country should always ensure that such an individual is treated in a humane way. In this regard, the detention facilities in Australia and the US are compelled to provide basic needs to detainees. The agency has always urged the detention facilities to ensure that immigrants are given adequate medical attention. The 1967 protocol is another law that relates to the status of refugees. The 1967 law demands that refugees should not be forced to return to their home countries because doing so would be endangering their lives (Sohne 2006, p. 21). The law demands further that the receiving countries must cooperate with the agency in ensuring that refugees enjoy their rights. This shows that refugees have a number of rights contained in the 19 67 law. Stewart detention camp is frequently urged to respect the 1967 law by providing medical care to detainees. In fact, article II of the 1967 law demands that detention facilities must cooperate with the agency in ensuring that refugee laws are followed. In 1984, a principle of non-refoulement was enacted, which reinforced the 1951 law on forceful deportation (Weiss 2003, p. 21). Through the agency, detention facilities have been forced to comply in order to avoid international condemnation. This is the reason why detainees are subjected to pain and suffering whenever they are found discussing their plight with the media. The agency works closely with the hosting countries to ensure that detainees are not subjected to untold suffering (Stavropoulou 1998, p. 34). However, the agency should strengthen its surveillance capacity to ensure that private organizations such as Stewart in the US comply with the law. Conclusion Detainees in the US and Australia go through a number of cha llenges. However, international organizations such as the United Nations High Commission for Refugees and local civil groups such as the American Civil Liberties Union have played a critical role in ensuring that detainees are treated fairly. In the US, civil rights groups have gone a notch higher to interview detainees in order to find a solution to their problem. Australian civil groups are yet to take action. However, the activities of the local and international institutions have not been successful given the fact that the issue of immigration is considered high politics. List of References Bagshaw, S Paul, D 2004, Protect or Neglect Toward a More Effective United Nations Approach to the Protection of Internally Displaced Persons, Brookings-SAIS Project on Internal Displacement, Washington. Balikci, A 2004, IDPs in Baku: A Qualitative Approach,’ Report prepared for World Bank, Canada, University of Montreal. Cernea, M 2006, â€Å"Development-induced and conflict-induced IDPs: bridging the research divide†, Forced Migration Review Special Issue, Vol. 3, no. 3, pp 76-89 Cohen, R 2004, â€Å"The Guiding Principles on Internal Displacement: An Innovation in International Standard Setting† Global Governance, Vol. 10, no. 1, pp 466-510 Evans, M 2007, â€Å"The Suffering is Too Great: Urban Internally Displaced Persons in the Casamance Conflict, Senegal†, Journal of Refugee Studies, Vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 60-85. Klin, W 2000 â€Å"Guiding Principles on Internal Displacement: Annotations†, Studies in Transnational Legal Policy, Vol. 1, no. 32, pp. 98-105 Klin, W 2006 â€Å"The future of the Guiding Principles on Internal Displacement,† Forced Migration Review Special Issue, Vol. 2, no. 3, pp 19-54. Lilly, D 2007, Camp management in IDP Collective Centers: The development of best practice, London, Camp Coordination Camp Management. Mooney, E Jarrah, B 2004, The Voting Rights of Internally Displaced Persons: The OSCE Region, Brookings Institution, Washington. Mooney, E 2003 â€Å"Introduction,† Forced Migration Review, Vol. 17, no. 4, pp 5-6. Sohne, SI 2006, Coping with Displacement: The Case of Internally Displaced Persons in Jinja, Uganda, The Fletcher School, Master of Arts in Law and Diplomacy Thesis. Stavropoulou, M 1998, â€Å"Will Peru’s displaced return? The forsaken people: Case studies of the internally displaced, The Brookings Institution, Washington. Weiss, FP 2003, â€Å"Looking beyond emergency response,† Forced Migration Review, Vol. 17, no. 3, pp 19-20.

The eNotes Blog Protest in Literature Ten Powerful Samples of People andPersuasion

Protest in Literature Ten Powerful Samples of People andPersuasion For as long as there have been uprisings, writers have voiced the emotions and motivations of the oppressed. In acknowledgment of the ongoing struggles happening around the world, we offer these lines that have powerfully expressed those feelings and may even offer some encouragement. Image via Pinterest 1.   The Grapes of Wrath by John Steinbeck Men who have created new fruits in the world cannot create a system whereby their fruits may be eaten. And the failure hangs over the State like a great sorrow. and in the eyes of the people there is the failure; and in the eyes of the hungry there is a growing wrath. In the souls of the people the grapes of wrath are filling and growing heavy, growing heavy for the vintage. Image via Evening Star Books 2.   Resistance, Rebellion, and Death: Essays by Albert Camus It is true that freedom, when it is made up principally of privileges, insults labor and separates it from culture. But freedom is not made up principally of privileges; it is made up especially of duties. And the moment each of us tries to give freedoms duties precedence over its privileges, freedom joins together labor and culture and sets in motion the only force that can effectively serve justice. The rule of our action, the secret of our resistance can be easily stated: everything that humiliates labor also humiliates the intelligence, and vice versa. And the revolutionary struggle, the centuries-old straining toward liberation can be defined first of all as a double and constant rejection of humiliation. Image via Ellina Raisovna 3.   Les Misà ©rables by Victor Hugo So long as there shall exist, by reason of law and custom, a social condemnation which, in the midst of civilization, artificially creates a hell on earth, and complicates with human fatality a destiny that is divine; so long as the three problems of the century the degradation of man by the exploitation of his labour, the ruin of women by starvation and the atrophy of childhood by physical and spiritual night are not solved; so long as, in certain regions, social asphyxia shall be possible; in other words and from a still broader point of view, so long as ignorance and misery remain on earth, there should be a need for books such as this. Image via Abe Books 4.   The Crisis by Thomas Paine These are the times that try mens souls. The summer soldier and the sunshine patriot will, in this crisis, shrink from the service of their country; but he that stands by it now, deserves the love and thanks of man and woman. Tyranny, like hell, is not easily conquered; yet we have this consolation with us, that the harder the conflict, the more glorious thetriumph. What we obtain too cheap, we esteem too lightly: it is dearness only that gives every thing its value. Image via Penguin Random House 5.   Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave, by Fredrick Douglas If there is no struggle, there is no progress. Those who profess to favor freedom, and yet depreciate agitation, are men who want crops without plowing up the ground. They want rain without thunder and lightning. They want the ocean without the awful roar of its many waters. This struggle may be a moral one; or it may be a physical one; or it may be both moral and physical; but it must be a struggle. 6.   A Tale of Two Cities by Charles Dickens It was the best of times, it was the worst of times, it was the age of wisdom, it was the age of foolishness, it was the epoch of belief, it was the epoch of incredulity, it was the season of Light, it was the season of Darkness, it was the spring of hope, it was the winter of despair, we had everything before us, we had nothing before us, we were all going direct to heaven, we were all going direct the other way in short, the period was so far like the present period, that some of its noisiest authorities insisted on its being received, for good or for evil, in the superlative degree of comparison only. Image via Cannon Press 7.   Invisible Man by Ralph Ellison I am an invisible man.I am a man of substance, of flesh and bone, fiber and liquids and I might even be said to possess a mind. I am invisible, understand, simply because people refuse to see me. Image via Amazon 8.   The Essential Gandhi: An Anthology of His Writings on His Life, His Work, and Ideas by Mahatma Gandhi   When I despair, I remember that all through history the way of truth and love have always won. There have been tyrants, and murderers, and for a time they can seem invincible, but in the end they always fall. Think of italways. Image via twicemodern 9.   On Civil Disobedience and Non-Violence by Leo Tolstoy I sit on a mans back choking him and making him carry me, and yet assure myself and others that i am sorry for him and wish to lighten his load by all means possible.except by getting off his back. Image via Goodreads 10.   Public Power in the Age of Empire by  Arundhati Roy Colorful demonstrations and weekend marches are vital but alone are not powerful enough to stop wars. Wars will be stopped only when soldiers refuse to fight, when workers refuse to load weapons onto ships and aircraft, when people boycott the economic outposts of Empire that are strung across the globe. (Featured Image by  Jerry Kiesewetter  on  Unsplash)

The Fall Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Fall - Essay Example The book explores the themes of redemption, self gratification and personal growth and offers a critical view of the protagonist’s views and experiences during the Second World War. This essay sets out to take an analytical survey at the character’s attempt at reinventing himself. Jean Baptist was a lawyer, who had built a reputation for himself as being a good defense lawyer, who helped the less fortunate fight for justice where they could not afford to hire the services of one. He used to give alms to beggars on the streets and offer his aid to blind people cross the streets. His good charitable deeds made him feel different from other people who he saw as being hypocritical and selfish. His kindly deeds fed his ego and made him feel righteous. One day when he was heading home, he came across a woman on the Pont de Art Bridge standing on the ledge staring down at the water. He did not pause to afford even the woman a glance, but just passed her, and after a few paces, he heard a loud scream and the sound of a body splashing the water down below. Jean Baptist did nothing to help the woman who was swept away screaming for help. The incident of the woman who committed suicide on the Pont de Art Bridge marked the turning point of Jean Baptist’s life. ... He came to the realization it was a form of show off to the passersby. At this moment, he realized that he was a far much worse hypocrite and selfish than those he criticized among his peers and government. He tried convincing himself that he failed to rescue the woman because rescuing her, involved risking his own personal safety, so it was better off that he did not help her so that he could continue helping others. No matter how hard he tried to justify his actions on that day, his conscience did not allow him to feel better about himself. Jeans Baptist Clemence’s realization that he was no different from leaders, in government and his peers, triggered the process of trying to justify himself by denouncing the exact principles that he stood by and jeopardized his career, in the process. No one believed his utterances because according to his reputation and how people knew him, he could only have been joking. He said, â€Å"I wish I could wring the beggar’s necks and beat them up in the streets† (Horton 48). Jean Baptist proclaimed that the poor and the oppressed were oppressing the decent working class of people, and wished they could be banished from the streets. People around him and his friends who knew him well and understood him well thought he was just making fun. This got Jean Baptist frustrated and he started avoiding his friends and immersing himself into alcohol. He stopped practicing law and ruined his reputation. The World War started during, his dramatic turn around, and France was occupied by the German forces. He endeavors to believe that he is a reputable man, but he finds himself in a society that is full of forgeries (Horton 35). Horton relates this to Jean Baptist’s situation because

Development Program for BMW & NETFLIX Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Development Program for BMW & NETFLIX - Essay Example One environmental concern the firm is trying to address is the environment. The employment of BMW Efficient Dynamics seeks to achieve compliance with the Kyoto protocol targets by designing the automobiles so that they consume less energy. The steps are as follows: production of highly efficient engines, active aerodynamics, and the use of lightweight materials and intelligent energy management within the vehicle. Also, in the medium term, it will seek to increase electrification of the drivetrain and hybridization. In the long term, it will be the use of hydrogen on a larger scale in combustion engines which generate no carbon emissions. Â  The BMW Groups method of achieving innovation in Global Research is called lateral thinking. There is also a constant dialog with scientists so that solutions can be achieved through the fusion of knowledge across all scientific disciplines. Â  One technique that may be cited is networked information systems. Instead of completing tasks sequentially, new development processes involve seeing to it that as many individual tasks as possible are accomplished simultaneously, and integrated into an end result according to a multi-layered plan. Â  Aside from its internal research efforts, and interaction with scientific organizations worldwide, it is continuously looking for and inviting ideas and innovative concepts from outside the organization. "We are not only interested in our own research and development departments, but also in the creative minds outside the BMW Group." (BMW website). Â